Z+ARCHIVE+5F+2009


 * Spey Photographs

http://gallery.me.com/draklee#100257

Spey Descent Documentation





These are the documents for the Spey Descent in the event they have been lost.

Thursday Lesson 4 Geography - In Bewshers Listen to the following 'podcasts' you can find them here: http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/audio/geography/ Run through the revision section here: http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/geography/industry/char_industryrev1.shtml And then do the revision test (Test Bite). Keep your score.

PREP: Run through this in the same way: http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/geography/industry/medc_rev1.shtml Answer the following question in a long paragraph in your books: There are many problems facing the Ruhr just now, what are the most significant problems and why are they the most significant?

If you would like to see photos from the expedition I am on, click here: [|http://gallery.me.com/draklee] Cut and paste the longitude and latitude from the photograph into Google Earth to see where it was taken. (This should be possible) Friday Lesson 8 Geography - In Bewshers http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/geography/industry/globalisation_rev1.shtml And then do the revision test (Test Bite). Keep your score.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/geography/industry/contemp_indrev1.shtml And then do the revision test (Test Bite). Keep your score.

If there is time at the end look at the two new videos here (at the bottom of the page). http://www.thinkingeography.com/tg/4_Online_Economic_Activities.html

If you still have time left answer the following question in your books: Globalisation serves peoples needs around the world unevenly. How is this so?

**

Geography Prep 4 Mar 10

Read through the sheet. It summarises what we have done in class. On the back there is an exercise. Have a look where your produce comes from. Look at the fresh produce as well as the tins etc. You don't have to write anything down.

If you can, call the customer care line from the supermarket you have shopped from and ask them about one product. You will have the best chance if it is branded by the supermarket. Most of the fruits and vegetables will fall into this category. Ask some questions about the product and see what you can find out. Details on the back page of the PDF.

The sound files are not yet on the thinkingeography site.

Any problems. Email me on akl@stpaulsschool.org.uk, and keep checking for responses!

Geography Prep 25 February 2010



Geography Prep 11 February 2010

SPEND NO MORE THAN HALF AN HOUR ON THIS. OR ELSE!

Write an essay on the following:

Secondary industry has moved from the industrialised west to industrialising east. This process has moved a lot of unsafe work practices into countries where there are few effective laws to protect workers and has led to western countries being able to buy vast quantities of cheaply made goods. Who is benefitting and how are they benefitting in this process?

You have some knowledge now of work practices in the west and in the east. You know that western countries have been trying to move their economic activities from primary and secondary to tertiary and quaternary industry.
 * How do I answer this question?**

Look at these pages to help:

[] (See Structure)

[] (Youtube)

You can refer also to the videos we watched in class.

Fogotten about geography essays? Refer to my help pages on thinkingeography.com. []


 * Reading and YouTube Prep 4 February 2010**
 * Fordism, Taylorism and Secondary Industry**

A Reading Prep with a couple of YouTube movies thrown in at the end for good measure // This is an edited version of material that is available on Wikipedia, plus a few alterations! //

Fordism, named after Henry Ford, refers to various social theories about production and related socio-economic phenomena. Henry Ford worked as an apprentice in different Michigan machine shops and in later years as a qualified engineer for the Edison Illuminating Company. Here he received the first hand knowledge of how industries were being run. Although Henry Ford was not the the inventor of the automobile, he developed unprecedented methods of production and marketing that allowed the automobile to become accessible to the American working class. Ford wanted to make cars that his workers could afford. He created the Ford Motor Company, which was one of a dozen small automobile manufacturers that emerged in the early 20th century.After three years of production, he introduced the Model T, which was simple and light yet sturdy enough to drive on the country's very rudimentary road system. Henry Ford's success and revolutionary techniques of production were then termed Fordism.

**What is Fordism?** It is true that Fordism was a method used mainly in the automotive industry; it improved productivity, but it was also 'a model of economic expansion and technological progress based on the mass production: the manufacture of standardized products in huge volumes using special purpose machinery and unskilled labour'. This principle could be applied to any kind of manufacturing process and for a time it was. Major success stemmed from three major principals were:


 * The standardisation of the product
 * The use of Special-purpose tools and/or equipement via the assembly line
 * The elimination of skilled labour in direct production.

These principles coupled with a technological revolution during Henry Ford's time allowed for his revolutionary form of labour to flourish. It is true that his assembly line was revolutionary, but it was in no way original, his most original take was with his breaking down of complex tasks into simpler ones. This made a flexible assembly line able to change if need be or whenever a vehicle evolved enough to warrant a change. The assembly line had been around before Ford but not quite as effective a form as Ford would create, his real strength was finding the potential of the production line and making it more effective. This cut down on the man power necessary for the factory to operate, not to mention that it deskilled the labour itself, cutting down on costs of production.

**The history behind Fordism** Ford cars, became a symbol of effective mass production. Efficiency decreased the price of the cars and allowed Henry Ford to increase wages. Hence, common workers could buy their own cars.

The Ford Motor Company’s success occurred because of the introduction of a tough and compact vehicle named Model T. The mass production of this automobile lowered its unit price, making it affordable for the average consumer. Furthermore, Ford substantially increased its workers' wages, giving them the means to become customers. These factors led to massive consumption. In fact, the Model T surpassed all expectations, because it attained a peak of 60% of the automobile output within the United States.

Henry Ford revolutionised a system, which consisted of synchronisation, precision, and specialisation within a company. These ideas led to Fordism, and as mentioned below, this concept helped increase economic prosperity in the United States in the 1940s to 1960s.

In the United States, Fordism is the system of mass production and consumption within highly developed economies during the 1940s-1960s. The idea of Fordism was to combine mass consumption with mass production to produce sustained economic growth and widespread material advancement. The 1970s-1990s have been a period of slower growth and increasing income inequality. During this period, the system of organisation of production and consumption has, perhaps, undergone a second transformation, which when mature promises a second burst of economic growth. This new system is often referred to as the "flexible system of production" (FSP) or the "Japanese management system." On the production side, FSP is characterized by dramatic reductions in information costs and overheads, Total Quality Management (TQM), just-in-time inventory control, and leaderless work groups; on the consumption side, by the globalisation of consumer goods markets, faster product life cycles, and far greater product/market segmentation and differentiation.

Henry Ford was once a popular symbol of the transformation from an agricultural to an industrial, mass production, mass consumption economy. Ford was the creative force behind the growth of the automobile industry, still the world's largest manufacturing activity. "Twice in this century [the auto industry] has changed our most fundamental ideas about how we make things. And how we make things dictates not only how we work but what we buy, how we think, and the way we live."

The first of these transformations was from craft production to mass production. This helped to create the market as we know it, based on economies of scale and scope, and gave rise to giant organisations built upon functional specialisation and divisions in the labour force. Economies of scale were produced by spreading fixed expenses, especially investments in plant and equipment and the organisation of production lines, over large output, thus reducing unit costs. Cost savings were also produced by combining parts of the production process and making information and quality control checking cheaper and more efficient.

The moving assembly line was instituted by Ford. Through standardisation of work and components, he enhanced mass production. Ford's main contributions to mass production/consumption were in the realm of improving the smallest processes of manufacturing. The hallmark of his system was standardisation—standardised components, standardised manufacturing processes, and a simple, easy to manufacture (and repair) standard product. Standardisation required nearly perfect interchangeability of parts. To achieve interchangeability, Ford exploited advances in machine tools and gauging systems. These innovations made possible the moving, or continuous, assembly line, in which each assembler performed a single, repetitive task. Ford was also one of the first to realise the potential of the electric motor to reconfigure work flow. Machines that were previously arrayed about a central power source could now be placed on the assembly line, thereby dramatically increasing throughput. The moving assembly line was first implemented at Ford's Model-T Plant at Highland Park, Michigan, in 1914, increasing labour productivity tenfold and permitting stunning price cuts—from $780 in 1910 to $360 in 1914. Hence, the term Fordise: "to standardise a product and manufacture it by mass means at a price so low that the common man can afford to buy it."

According to historian Charles Maier, Fordism proper was preceded in Europe by Taylorism, a technique of labour discipline and workplace organisation, based upon supposedly scientific studies of human efficiency and incentive systems. It attracted European intellectuals — especially in Germany and Italy — at the //fin de siècle// and up until World War I.

// DR LEE: Although Taylor preceded Ford in the US, his principles went on to have an impact on the production line. These two concepts aligned. //

After 1918, however, the goal of Taylorist labor efficiency thought in Europe moved to "Fordism", that is, reorganisation of the entire productive process by means of the moving assembly line, standardisation, and the mass market. The grand appeal of Fordism in Europe was that it promised to sweep away all the old fashioned aspects of society by reducing the economy, society and even human personality to a 'technical rationality.' The Great Depression blurred the vision of American technology 'ruling the world', but World War II and its aftermath have revived the ideal.

The principles of Taylorism were quickly picked up by Lenin and applied to new Soviet industry.

American efficiency is that indomitable force which does not recognise obstacles; which continues on a task once started until it is finished, even if it is a minor task; and without which serious constructive work is impossible. . . The combination of the Russian revolutionary sweep with American efficiency is the essence of Leninism.

Hughes describes how, as the Soviet Union developed and grew in power, both sides, the Soviets and the Americans, chose to ignore or deny the contribution of American ideas and expertise. The Soviets did this because they wished to show themselves as creators of their own destiny and not indebted to their rivals. Americans did so because they did not wish to acknowledge their part in creating a powerful rival in the Soviet Union.

Fordism is a tag used to characterise the post-1945 long boom experienced by western nations. It is typified by a cycle of mass production and mass consumption, the production of standardised (most often) consumer items to be sold in (typically) protected markets within the 'home' economy.

Charlie Chaplin in Modern Times, a short black and white film that effectively demonstrates the alienation and stress that the common worker under Fordism is subjected to. It does so in a light-hearted fashion.

SEE: [] Introduction to a documentary on Henry Ford and Fordism.

See also: [] // Modern Times // by Charlie Chaplin.

Revision statement for 5th Years

For revision during the vacation, you need to thoroughly revise all the topics you have completed this year and last year. Take special care with knowing the details of your case studies and having a good knowledge of what you did with your field work. You should also revise your map skills and global locations.

Your mock will be shortly after term resumes.

Have a good break. Dr Lee. 23 December 2009

Thursday 10 December 2009 Answer question 3 from the sheet we looked at today. (See notes below)

3. a) What are plates? Why do they move? (Answer from your knowledge) [6] b) A plate margin is formed when a continental and oceanic plate move towards each other. Draw an annotated sketch map to show and explain the main features of this plate margin [8]. See: http://www.ohs.org/exhibits/traveling-exhibits/150-million-years/images/02_Subduction_Zone_b.jpg c) Describe the conditions necessary for a tsunami to be created at a plate margin like that described in (b). [4] See http://www.thinkingeography.com/tg/3_Online_Tectonics_files/TG%20Online%20Tectonic%20Case%20Study.pdf d) With reference to a named volcanic or earthquake event, describe and explain what governments and other agencies did, to prevent and relieve the dangers of life and property, caused by the hazard. [7] See: http://www.thinkingeography.com/tg/3_Online_Tectonics_files/TG%20Online%20Tectonics%20Sichuan.pdf See also http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Sichuan_earthquake (RELIEF EFFORTS) Answers typed onto a piece of A4 (draw in diagram in a left space). Try and answer questions in such a way that you get ALL the marks!

Thursday 03 December 2009 Download the tectonics hazards prep sheet from thinkingeography.com website.

Here is the link: http://www.thinkingeography.com/tg/3_Online_Tectonics.html


 * Leave a page** to glue the sheet in (you can print it out and glue it in) or I will give you one next lesson, and then answer the questions in your books. Some of the information is in the tectonics case studies sheet which is downloadable from the same location. (It is the sheet we looked at in class, and it is corrected - I hope).

Each question is worth 6 marks. Structure your answers carefully.

Some other interesting information here:

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2005/10/051028141252.htm

Thursday 26 November 2009 Prep for this evening

There are 4 types of plate boundary.

Using information in your book and information from the internet if necessary, draw a **simple** diagram that shows the basic principles and processes of each of these 4 types of boundary. With each diagram list the name of a place where this kind of plate boundary represents a hazard of some sort, along with when this was last a hazardous event.

Due in class, in your books tomorrow.

For T.

1. Study the OS map provided. Name FOUR different services provided in Thorpe-le-Soken (1822) [4] 2. State ONE additional public service available within a kilometre of the village centre. [1] 3. How might rural settlements in LEDCs differ from those in MEDCs? [6] 4. Explain where and why ‘rural decline’ would occur in an MEDC. [6] 5. Study the local urban areas of Clacton-on-Sea in grid squares 1916 and 1616. What are the obvious differences? Suggest the possible cause(s) for these differences. [8]
 * SPS Junior Scholarship Examination [Settlement component] 2006 **